api abbreviation pharma
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Once an API is identified, formulating it into a usable medication involves the incorporation of excipients. Excipients are inactive substances that serve as carriers for the API. They play several key roles in drug formulation, including improving the stability and bioavailability of the active ingredient, aiding in the manufacturing process, and ensuring the drug is easy and pleasant for patients to consume. Common excipients include fillers, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, and preservatives, which collectively support the API in achieving its therapeutic goal.
active pharmaceutical ingredient and excipient...
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pH control is another crucial factor in wastewater treatment, often achieved using chemicals like sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide. Maintaining the appropriate pH level is essential for enhancing the efficiency of various chemical reactions, such as disinfection and nutrient removal. For instance, the oxidation of ammonia to nitrate is highly pH-dependent; therefore, controlling pH can optimize the performance of nitrifying bacteria in biological treatment systems.
chemicals used in waste water treatment...